Marcus Tullius Cicero

Marcus Tullius Cicero, an orator and statesman of Rome, was born on January 3, 106 BC. His life coincided with the decline and fall of the Roman Republic, and he was an important actor in many of the significant political events of his time, and his writings are now a valuable source of information

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William of Ockham

Ideas – Nominalism rejects the view that there are universals (essences) in things; it emphasizes the experienced world of contingent beings. – The name used for a thing does not capture the essence of the thing, but is simply a conventional sign used to refer to the thing. – Logic seeks to organize and

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Buddha

Siddhartha Gautama,[e] most commonly referred to as the Buddha (“the awakened”),[f][g] was a wandering ascetic and religious teacher who lived in South Asia during the 6th or 5th century BCE[4][5][6][c] and founded Buddhism. According to Buddhist tradition, he was born in Lumbini, in what is now Nepal,[b] to royal parents of the Shakya clan, but renounced his home life to live as a wandering ascetic (Sanskrit: śramaṇa).[7][h] After leading a life of mendicancy, asceticism, and meditation, he