What is a Programming Language?

A programming language is a formal language comprising a set of strings that produce various kinds of machine code output. Programming languages are one kind of computer language, and are used in computer programming to implement algorithms. Most programming languages consist of instructions for computers. There are programmable machines that use a set of specific instructions, rather than general programming languages. Since the early 1800s, programs have been used to direct [ [ ...]

The Most Popular Programming Languages to Learn

There’s no question that software programming is a hot career right now. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics projects 21 percent growth for programming jobs from 2018 to 2028, which is more than four times the average for all occupations. What’s more, the median annual pay for a software programmer is about $106,000, which nearly three times [ [ ...]

History and Evolution of PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor

PHP stands for “PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor” where “Preprocessor” means that changes happen before the HTML page is created. This converts static webpage to dynamic webpage with the capacity to interact with databases. The PHP programming language is commonly used for developing web-based software applications. However, the use of the language is not limited to web development [ [ ...]

C++ Programming Language: History, Features, Uses, Applications & Advantages

C++ is a general-purpose programming language created by Bjarne Stroustrup as an extension of the C programming language, or “C with Classes”. The language has expanded significantly over time, and modern C++ now has object-oriented, generic, and functional features in addition to facilities for low-level memory manipulation. It is almost always implemented as a compiled language, and many vendors provide C++ compilers, including the Free Software Foundation, LLVM, Microsoft, Intel, Oracle, and IBM, so it is available [ [ ...]

Introduction to C# programming language: why learn by comparing with C, C++, Java

C# is designed for the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI), which describes executable code and runtime environment. This allows usage of multiple high-level languages on various computer platforms and architectures. Common Language Runtime (CLR) is defined in the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI). CLR is the Virtual Machine component managing the execution of programs written in languages [ [ ...]

What Is GitHub? A Beginner’s Introduction to GitHub

Git is an Open Source Distributed Version Control System. Now that’s a lot of words to define Git. Let me break it down and explain the wording: Control System: This basically means that Git is a content tracker. So Git can be used to store content — it is mostly used to store code due to the other [ [ ...]

Introduction to Databases: Evolution, Types and Features

A database is an organized collection of structured information, or data, typically stored electronically in a computer system. A database is usually controlled by a database management system (DBMS). Together, the data and the DBMS, along with the applications that are associated with them, are referred to as a database system, often shortened to just database. [ [ ...]

SQL – Structured Query Language: Introduction, Evolution

SQL is a programming language that is used to communicate and manipulate databases. SQL, which stands for Structured Query Language, is a programming language that is used to communicate with and manipulate databases. In order to get the most of the mounds of data they collect, many businesses must become versed in SQL.   SQL [ [ ...]

What is SQL Server? Introduction, History, Types, Versions

SQL Server is a relational database management system (RDBMS) developed by Microsoft. It is primarily designed and developed to compete with MySQL and Oracle database. SQL Server supports ANSI SQL, which is the standard SQL (Structured Query Language) language. However, SQL Server comes with its own implementation of the SQL language, T-SQL (Transact-SQL). T-SQL is a Microsoft [ [ ...]

C Programming Language: History, Features, Structure and Why Study it

This article describes a brief history, formation and structure of the famous C programming language which is considered to be the standard programming language taught to students who are new to learning computer programming. History of C Programming Language. C was created in 1972 at Bell Laboratories of USA by a team lead by Dennis [ [ ...]

Some Fundamentals in C Programming Language

THIS CHAPTER  DESCRIBES SOME FUNDAMENTAL TERMS  that you must understand before you can learn how to program in C. A general overview of the nature of programming in a higher-level language is provided, as is a discussion of the process of compiling a program developed in such a language. 1. Programming Computers are really very [ [ ...]

Compiling and Running Your First C Program

IN THIS CHAPTER, YOU ARE INTRODUCED to the C language so that you can see what programming in C is all about. What better way to gain an appreciation for this language than by taking a look at an actual program written in C? To begin with, you’ll choose a rather simple example—a program that [ [ ...]

Working with Variables in C Programming Language

Early computer programmers had the onerous task of having to write their programs in the binary language of the machine they were programming. This meant that computer instructions had to be hand-coded into binary numbers by the programmer before they could be entered into the machine. Furthermore, the programmer had to explicitly assign and reference [ [ ...]

Understanding Data Types and Constants in C Programming Language

You have already been exposed to the C basic data type int. As you will recall, a variable declared to be of type int can be used to contain integral values only—that is, values that do not contain decimal places. The C programming language provides four other basic data types: float, double, char, and _Bool.A [ [ ...]

Working with Arithmetic Expressions in C Programming Language

In C, just as in virtually all programming languages, the plus sign (+) is used to add two values, the minus sign (–) is used to subtract two values, the asterisk (*) is used to multi- ply two values, and the slash (/) is used to divide two values. These operators are known as binary [ [ ...]

Combining Operations with Assignment: The Assignment Operators in C Programming Language

The C language permits you to join the arithmetic operators with the assignment opera- tor using the following general format: op= Types _Complex and _Imaginary.  In this format, op is any of the arithmetic operators, including +, –, ´, /, and %. In addition, op can be any of the bit operators for shifting and [ [ ...]

Types _Complex and _Imaginary in C Programming Language

Before leaving this chapter, it is worthy to note two other types in the language called _Complex and _Imaginary for working with complex and imaginary numbers. Support for _Complex and _Imaginary types is optional for a compiler.3 For more information, look at the summary of data types in Appendix A. Source: Kochan Stephen G. (2020), [ [ ...]

Program Looping in C Programming Language

IF YOU ARRANGE  15 DOTS  in the shape of a triangle, you end up with an arrangement that might look something like this: The first row of the triangle contains one dot, the second row contains two dots, and so on. In general, the number of dots it takes to form a triangle containing n [ [ ...]

Program Looping in C: The for Statement

Let’s dive right in and take a look at a program that uses the for statement. The purpose of Program 5.2 is to calculate the 200th triangular number. See if you can determine how the for statement works. Program 5.2   Calculating the 200th Triangular Number /* Program to calculate the 200th triangular number Introduction of [ [ ...]

Program Looping in C: The while Statement

The while statement further extends the C language’s repertoire of looping capabilities. The syntax of this frequently used construct is as follows: while ( expression ) program statement The expression specified inside the parentheses is evaluated. If the result of the expression evaluation is TRUE, the program statement that immediately follows is executed. After execution [ [ ...]